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#financial-ratios

Financial Ratios

Key financial ratios like ROA, ROE, and profitability metrics for measuring business performance

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Interest Coverage Ratio: What Your Loan Covenant Measures and How to Cure a Breach Before It Triggers Default

The interest coverage ratio (EBIT ÷ interest expense) is the loan covenant small businesses trip most often, with minimums typically set between 2.5x and 4.5x and tested quarterly on trailing twelve months. This guide explains how lenders define EBITDA and interest expense, what a breach triggers (default rate, frozen draws, cross-defaults), and the cure sequence in cost order — early covenant reset, waiver, amendment, equity cure, forbearance — plus the bookkeeping that keeps your ratio visible before the bank sees it.

mike

financial-ratiosbusiness-loansdebt-management

DSCR Loans, Explained: Qualify for Rental Property Financing on the Property's Cash Flow, Not Your W-2

A DSCR loan approves an investment property on its rental income instead of the borrower's tax returns — monthly rent divided by PITIA, with approvals typically near a 1.0 ratio, rates around 6.5%–8%, 20–30% down, and 3–6 months of reserves. Here is the math lenders run, what the loan costs, and the per-property records that decide the refinance.

mike

loansreal-estatefinancing

Return on Net Assets (RONA): How to Tell If Your Equipment and Inventory Are Earning Their Keep

Return on Net Assets (RONA = Net Income ÷ Fixed Assets + Net Working Capital) measures whether the equipment, vehicles, and inventory a business owns are actually generating profit. Includes a worked example, rough benchmarks (above 5% acceptable, above 20% outstanding), and how RONA differs from ROA and ROE for capital-intensive small businesses.

mike

financial-ratiosfinancial-analysissmall-business

The Quick Ratio (Acid-Test Ratio): The Liquidity Number Lenders Trust More Than Your Current Ratio

The quick ratio (acid-test ratio) measures whether a business can cover current liabilities using only cash, marketable securities, and receivables — deliberately excluding inventory and prepaid expenses. Covers the formula with a worked example, why loan covenants often set a quick-ratio minimum instead of a current-ratio one, why 1.0 is the textbook benchmark but fast-turn retailers healthily run 0.3–0.4, and the mistakes that make the ratio misleading.

mike

financial-ratiossmall-businessfinancial-health

Return on Equity (ROE) Explained: What It Measures, What Counts as Good, and How to Break It Down

Return on Equity (ROE) divides net income by owner's equity — a 15% ROE means the business earned 15 cents per dollar of the owner's capital. This guide covers healthy benchmarks (12–15% baseline, 15–20%+ strong), the three-part DuPont breakdown of margin, asset turnover, and leverage, and the pitfalls — debt-inflated returns, negative equity, one-time items — that distort the ratio.

mike

financial-ratiosprofitabilitysmall-business

Operating Margin, Explained: Formula, Industry Benchmarks, and How to Improve It

Operating margin — operating income divided by revenue — shows whether a business's core operation makes money before interest and taxes. Here's the formula with a worked example, 2026 benchmarks by industry (SaaS 15–35%, services 15–25%, manufacturing 8–15%, retail under 5%), how it differs from gross and net margin, and the bookkeeping errors that distort it.

mike

profit-marginsprofitabilityfinancial-ratios
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