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Personal Finance

Personal money management and financial wellness strategies

RSUs Explained for Startup Employees: Why Vesting, Not Selling, Is the Tax Event

RSUs are taxed as ordinary income on the vesting date, not at sale, and employers withhold a flat 22% on supplemental wages up to $1 million — leaving employees in the 32–37% brackets short by 10 to 15 percentage points each April. This guide covers double-trigger vesting at private startups, why no 83(b) election exists for RSUs, and the $0 cost-basis error on Form 1099-B that makes people pay tax twice on the same income.

The Rule of 55: Tapping Your 401(k) Early Without the 10% Penalty

Separate from your employer during or after the calendar year you turn 55 and distributions from that employer's 401(k) escape the 10% early-withdrawal penalty — but not ordinary income tax, and not a rollover into an IRA. How the separation-from-service exception works, the age-50 public safety version, the 20% withholding haircut, and the five mistakes that forfeit it.

Still Paying Off School While Running Your Business? How the $2,500 Student Loan Interest Deduction Works in 2026

For tax year 2026 the student loan interest deduction is capped at $2,500, claimed above the line on Schedule 1, and phases out between $85,000 and $100,000 of MAGI for single filers and $175,000 to $205,000 for joint filers. This guide covers the five eligibility tests, what Form 1098-E does and does not report, and why self-employed borrowers cannot move the interest to Schedule C.

Contributed Too Much to Your 401(k)? How to Fix a 402(g) Excess Deferral Before April 15

For 2026 the section 402(g) elective deferral limit is $24,500 per person ($32,500 with the age-50 catch-up, $35,750 at ages 60 to 63), aggregated across every 401(k), 403(b), SIMPLE IRA and SARSEP you contribute to in the year. An excess not refunded with earnings by April 15 is taxed twice, once as wages in the contribution year and again on distribution. Steps include totaling W-2 Box 12 deferrals, notifying the plan in writing, reading 1099-R codes P and 8, and capping payroll after a mid-year job change.

Someone Claimed Your Dependent: What IRS Notice CP87A Means and What to Do Next

IRS Notice CP87A means two returns claimed the same dependent's Social Security number. It is not an audit and not a bill — if you are entitled to the claim, the IRS says do nothing. This guide covers the five qualifying-child tests, the tie-breaker ladder, why a divorce decree loses to overnight counts without a signed Form 8332, the 2025 IP PIN fix for e-file rejections, and when to amend with Form 1040-X.