SECURE 2.0 lets the beneficiary of a 529 plan roll up to $35,000 of unused college savings into a Roth IRA tax-free and outside Roth income limits, provided the account is 15+ years old, contributions are 5+ years seasoned, and the beneficiary has earned income. This guide walks through the five federal tests, the state tax clawbacks that can erase the benefit, and a clean five-year execution plan.
The OBBBA's 0.5% AGI floor and 35% deduction cap take effect in the 2026 tax year, raising the cost of small annual gifts. Concentrating four years of donations into a single donor-advised fund contribution can add roughly $39,600 in total deductions for a $200,000-AGI couple while keeping the recipient charities on their normal schedule.
At the May 2026 reset, Series I Savings Bonds pay a 4.26% composite rate — a 0.90% fixed rate locked for 30 years plus a 3.34% annualized inflation rate — with state-tax exemption and a $10,000-per-SSN annual cap. A practical guide to where I bonds fit in personal and small-business cash strategy, including LLC entity-account stacking, the 12-month lock and 5-year penalty, and the education-exclusion rules.
Section 409A lets companies defer executive pay above 401(k) limits, but a single misstep triggers immediate taxation on every vested dollar plus a 20% federal penalty and premium interest. Here is how NQDC plans, rabbi trusts, and the six permissible distribution triggers actually work.
How the 2026 Health Savings Account combines tax-free contributions, tax-free growth, and tax-free medical withdrawals — and how the shoebox strategy turns an $8,750 family limit into a six- to seven-figure retirement vehicle by age 65.
Form 8606 is the IRS's running ledger of after-tax basis inside traditional, SEP, and SIMPLE IRAs. Skip it and the IRS treats your basis as zero, taxing the same dollars a second time at distribution. This guide explains how the form works, why the pro-rata rule punishes most backdoor Roth conversions, and how to keep your basis documented for the next 30 years.
Non-spouse IRA beneficiaries must empty inherited accounts within 10 years, and annual RMDs become mandatory in 2025 if the original owner died on or after their required beginning date. A missed RMD triggers a 25% excise tax. Only surviving spouses, minor children, disabled or chronically ill individuals, and beneficiaries within 10 years of the deceased's age keep the old stretch treatment.
How the federal kiddie tax pulls a child's unearned income above $2,700 in 2026 onto the parent's marginal rate via Form 8615. Mechanics, UTMA/UGMA pitfalls, full-time-student rules through age 23, and planning strategies using 529 plans, Roth IRAs, and gain timing.
The Net Unrealized Appreciation election lets retirees pay long-term capital gains rates on employer stock distributed from a 401(k) instead of ordinary income, often saving more than $144,000 on a $1 million position. Covers eligibility under IRC 402(e)(4), the lump-sum distribution rule, and the most common mistakes that destroy the strategy.
PFICs (foreign mutual funds, UCITS ETFs) trigger Section 1291 tax for US investors — gains allocated across the holding period, taxed at top ordinary rates, plus compounded interest charges. This guide covers Form 8621, the QEF and mark-to-market elections, the $25k/$50k de minimis filing exception, and how to escape the trap.
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