
Lacerte vs. ProSeries vs. Drake Tax vs. UltraTax CS: Which Professional Tax Software Fits Your Practice?
Drake Tax and Lacerte tied at 4.4/5 in the 2026 AICPA survey of 1,808 preparers filing IRS returns — match software to your volume and forms.
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Guidance on choosing, working with, and understanding Certified Public Accountants

Drake Tax and Lacerte tied at 4.4/5 in the 2026 AICPA survey of 1,808 preparers filing IRS returns — match software to your volume and forms.

Auditors test five claims — existence, completeness, valuation, rights, disclosure — through confirmations, observation, and sampling. What each checks.

Refusing to sign your audit representation letter forces a disclaimer of opinion — learn what AU-C 580 requires you to certify.

Reconcile every account, assemble the CPA tax package, and lock the year before January — with IRS 1099 deadlines and the W-9s filed first.

Compilations format numbers with zero assurance, reviews add limited assurance, audits test them — match the service to your loan covenant before you pay.

There is no US accountant-client privilege: Section 7525 shields only civil IRS tax advice, while a Kovel arrangement via counsel also holds in criminal cases.

FRF for SMEs is the AICPA's accrual framework for owner-managed firms: amortized goodwill, no VIE analysis, no ASC 842. Check loan covenants first.

US law bars non-CPAs from owning an attest practice, so every CPA-firm PE deal splits in two — and only 30–50% of the headline price is cash at close.

Seven signs you have outgrown your CPA firm, the months when switching is cleanest, and the data-handoff and engagement-letter checklists to use.

A Yellow Book (GAGAS) audit adds internal-control and compliance reporting to a financial audit — required for nonprofits spending $1M+ in federal awards.

Finance employers now hire three senior staff per entry-level hire, and a third of new hires quit within a year. Here is what that does to bookkeeping costs — $3,000–$4,500 a month in-house versus $300–$2,500 outsourced — and how to restructure around it.

Accountant malpractice claims require proving duty, breach, causation, and damages — and the math is narrower than most clients expect: penalties caused by the error are typically recoverable, interest often is not, and tax you legally owed almost never is. State deadlines run two to six years, and an engagement letter's liability cap may limit recovery to the fees you paid.