#finance
Finance
Essential finance concepts and practical insights for modern accounting
Economic Value Added (EVA) Explained: The Profit Metric That Charges for Capital
Economic Value Added (EVA) = NOPAT − (WACC × invested capital) — the profit left after every source of capital, debt and equity alike, is paid its going rate. A worked example, how to estimate NOPAT and WACC, why EVA avoids ROI's percentage bias, and how small business owners can use it for capital decisions.
Passing Credit Card Fees to Customers: Surcharges, Cash Discounts, and Dual Pricing in 2026
Surcharging, cash discounts, and dual pricing are the three legal ways to pass card fees to customers in 2026—surcharges cap at 3% (Visa) and are banned in CT, ME, and MA, while cash discounts and dual pricing are legal in all 50 states and skip the 30-day network notice.
Section 6418: Selling Clean Energy Tax Credits to Cash Buyers
Section 6418 lets clean energy developers sell federal tax credits to unrelated corporate buyers for cash, typically at a 6 to 15 percent discount to face value. A practical guide to registration, pricing, recapture risk, the 20 percent excessive transfer penalty, and how the OBBBA preserved transferability through the rest of the decade.
Accounts Payable Automation in 2026: How AI Invoice Capture, Three-Way Matching, and Touchless Approvals Cut Processing Costs and Eliminate Duplicate Payments
AP automation in 2026 takes invoice processing from roughly $18 and 10 days down to $3 and 1 day by combining AI invoice capture, three-way matching, and rule-based touchless approvals—while cutting duplicate-payment losses 80 to 95 percent.
How Much Do You Owe the IRS? 5 Ways to Find Out (and What to Do Next)
Check your IRS balance using 5 methods—online account, phone, notices, transcript, or in-person—then choose the right path: pay in full, set up a payment plan, or apply for penalty abatement. Covers 2026 penalty rates and collection timelines.
IRS Form 2848: How to Authorize Someone to Represent You Before the IRS
IRS Form 2848 grants a limited power of attorney for federal tax matters, letting you designate a qualified CPA, attorney, or enrolled agent to handle IRS communications, audits, and collection negotiations on your behalf.
Online Bookkeeping Services: A Complete Comparison Guide for Small Businesses
A side-by-side comparison of six online bookkeeping services—Pilot, Bookkeeper360, Merritt, CapForge, RemoteBooksOnline, and Maxim Liberty—covering pricing ranges from $75 to $499/month, accounting method, software platform, and five key questions to ask before signing up.
The R&D Tax Credit: A Complete Guide for Businesses in 2026
The R&D tax credit (IRC Section 41) cuts your federal tax bill dollar-for-dollar for qualifying research expenses—yet fewer than one in five eligible businesses claim it. This guide covers the four-part test, QRE categories, the Alternative Simplified Credit calculation, and 2026 changes including restored Section 174 expensing and a $500,000 payroll tax offset for startups.
Federal Tax Lien: What It Is, How It Affects You, and How to Get Rid of It
A federal tax lien gives the IRS a legal claim against all your assets — real estate, bank accounts, and future property — when you fail to pay taxes. Here are six concrete resolution paths, from full payment and installment agreements to lien withdrawal.
Online Business Bank Accounts: The Complete Guide for Small Business Owners
A practical guide to choosing an online business bank account—covering fee structures, APY comparisons, accounting software integrations, required documentation, and the common mistakes that cost small business owners time and money.
Back Taxes: What They Are, What Happens If You Ignore Them, and How to Resolve Them
11 million Americans owe $125 billion in back taxes. Learn the exact penalty structure (5%/month for not filing vs. 0.5%/month for not paying), IRS enforcement tools, and every resolution option from installment agreements to Offer in Compromise — with 2024 acceptance rates and eligibility thresholds.
Loan Principal: What It Is, How It Works, and How to Pay It Down Faster
Loan principal is the original amount borrowed—distinct from interest, which is a deductible expense. This guide covers how amortization front-loads interest charges, how to correctly split principal and interest in your books, and four proven strategies to pay down debt faster while avoiding prepayment penalties.