#founder-resources
Financial resources and tools for startup founders
Формуляр 15620 вече може да бъде подаден чрез онлайн акаунт на IRS, но 30-дневният срок за избора по 83(b) все още няма рутинно удължаване. Как работи изборът, кога си струва, как да подадете онлайн или с препоръчана поща, и шестте грешки, които го провалят.
Банките свързаха приблизително 27 милиарда долара със съмнителна дейност, отнасяща се до финансова експлоатация на възрастни хора за годината, приключваща през юни 2023 г., според FinCEN. Практическо ръководство за собственици на бизнес за разпознаване на измами, наблюдаване на предупредителни знаци във финансите на родителите и счетоводните правила, които ви защитават, ако в крайна сметка притежавате пълномощно.
Калифорния не се съобразява с Раздел 1202, така че печалба от QSBS, която е 100% освободена на федерално ниво, се облага изцяло на щатско ниво със ставки до 13,3% — при излизане с 4 милиона долара основателят може да дължи приблизително 350 000–450 000 долара на Сакраменто. Това ръководство обхваща новите три- и четиригодишни нива от разширението на QSBS през 2025 г., защо Калифорния отмени собственото си освобождаване, реалната математика на прогресивните данъчни групи и 1% допълнителната такса, както и какво изисква одитът за местожителство на FTB от основатели, които се местят преди продажбата.
How the One Big Beautiful Bill Act rewrote Section 1202 QSBS — a tiered 50/75/100% gain exclusion at three, four, and five years; a $15 million per-issuer cap; a $75 million gross asset threshold at issuance; and non-grantor trust stacking that can lift a founder's combined exclusion well past the single-taxpayer limit.
Section 1202 lets founders, early employees, and angel investors exclude up to $15 million of capital gains from federal tax. This guide covers the OBBBA changes, the five eligibility gates, the new 3/4/5-year tiered holding period, Section 1045 rollovers, and stacking strategies that multiply the per-issuer cap across family members and non-grantor trusts.
Reg CF lets non-reporting U.S. companies sell securities to the public up to $5 million per rolling 12 months through an SEC-registered funding portal. This guide walks through the $124,000 investor limits, Form C disclosure, bad-actor checks, tombstone advertising, ongoing C-U and C-AR filings, and the bookkeeping for SAFEs, offering costs, and escrow that founders most often get wrong.
The OBBBA raised the Section 1202 QSBS cap to $15 million, lifted the gross-asset ceiling to $75 million, and replaced the five-year cliff with a tiered 50/75/100 percent exclusion at three, four, and five years — but only for stock issued after July 4, 2025.
A Section 83(b) election lets founders and early employees pay ordinary income tax today on the full value of restricted stock instead of at each vest. Filed within 30 days on IRS Form 15620, it can convert millions of phantom ordinary income into long-term capital gain and start the QSBS holding clock on day one.
Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) of Regulation D both allow uncapped private placements but differ sharply on marketing and verification. 506(b) bans general solicitation and permits up to 35 sophisticated non-accredited investors on a reasonable-belief standard; 506(c) permits public solicitation but requires reasonable steps to verify every purchaser is accredited. A March 2025 SEC no-action letter lets issuers rely on $200,000+ individual or $1 million+ entity minimum checks as the primary verification step.
Section 1244 lets eligible founders and early investors convert up to $50,000 ($100,000 joint) of capital loss on failed C-corporation stock into ordinary loss deductible against W-2 wages, freelance income, or interest. This guide covers who qualifies, the $1 million capital ceiling, Form 4797 reporting, and the formation steps that keep the deduction defensible.
Section 351 lets founders incorporate without immediate tax only if the transferor group owns 80% of voting power and every non-voting class right after the exchange. Miss the control test, contribute services instead of property, or assume liabilities greater than basis, and the gain surfaces anyway. A practical playbook covering boot, the Section 357(c) trap, basis carryover under Sections 358 and 362, and how to preserve QSBS eligibility under Section 1202.
How the IRS Section 83(b) election converts phantom ordinary income on unvested startup stock into long-term capital gains, what the new Form 15620 online portal requires, and when filing is the wrong move.
