Šablóny a príklady pre kryptomeny

Táto príručka poskytuje praktické šablóny Beancount a príklady z reálneho sveta pre bežné scenáre s kryptomenami. Skopírujte a prispôsobte si tieto šablóny pre vaše vlastné potreby krypto účtovníctva.

Základná šablóna nastavenia

Šablóna štruktúry účtov

; =============================================================================
; ŠABLÓNA NASTAVENIA ÚČTOV PRE KRYPTOMENY
; =============================================================================

; Účty búrz
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:ETH
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Binance:USD
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Binance:BTC
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Binance:ETH
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Binance:BNB

; Účty peňaženiek
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Wallet:Ledger:BTC
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Wallet:Ledger:ETH
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH
1970-01-01 open Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:USDC

; Účty DeFi protokolov
1970-01-01 open Assets:DeFi:Uniswap:ETH-USDC-LP
1970-01-01 open Assets:DeFi:Compound:cUSDC
1970-01-01 open Assets:Staking:Ethereum:ETH

; Účty príjmov
1970-01-01 open Income:Crypto:Staking:ETH
1970-01-01 open Income:Crypto:Mining:BTC
1970-01-01 open Income:Crypto:Airdrops
1970-01-01 open Income:Crypto:DeFi:Yield
1970-01-01 open Income:CapitalGains:Crypto

; Účty výdavkov
1970-01-01 open Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading
1970-01-01 open Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network
1970-01-01 open Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Withdrawal

; Definície komodít
1970-01-01 commodity BTC
  name: "Bitcoin"
  asset-class: "kryptomena"

1970-01-01 commodity ETH
  name: "Ethereum"
  asset-class: "kryptomena"

1970-01-01 commodity USDC
  name: "USD Coin"
  asset-class: "stablecoin"

Šablóny obchodovania

Základný nákup kryptomeny

; Šablóna: Kúpa kryptomeny na burze
YYYY-MM-DD * "Kúpa [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] na [EXCHANGE]"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]     [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD         -[TOTAL_COST] USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading          [FEE] USD
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD         -[FEE] USD

; Príklad: Kúpa 1 BTC na Coinbase
2024-01-15 * "Kúpa 1 BTC na Coinbase"
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC      1.0 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD  -45000.00 USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading    50.00 USD
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD     -50.00 USD

Predaj kryptomeny

; Šablóna: Predaj kryptomeny na burze
YYYY-MM-DD * "Predaj [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] na [EXCHANGE]"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]    -[AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD          [PROCEEDS] USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading          [FEE] USD
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD         -[FEE] USD
  Income:CapitalGains:Crypto            [GAIN] USD  ; alebo Expenses:CapitalLoss:Crypto

; Príklad: Predaj 0.5 BTC so ziskom
2024-03-20 * "Predaj 0.5 BTC na Coinbase"
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC    -0.5 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD   24000.00 USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading    30.00 USD
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD     -30.00 USD
  Income:CapitalGains:Crypto    1470.00 USD  ; 24000 - 22500 - 30

Obchodovanie krypto za krypto

; Šablóna: Obchodovanie jednej kryptomeny za inú
YYYY-MM-DD * "Obchod [AMOUNT1] [CRYPTO1] za [AMOUNT2] [CRYPTO2]"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO1]   -[AMOUNT1] [CRYPTO1] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO2]    [AMOUNT2] [CRYPTO2] {[NEW_PRICE] USD}
  Income:CapitalGains:Crypto            [GAIN] USD  ; Zdaniteľná udalosť
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading          [FEE] USD
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD         -[FEE] USD

; Príklad: Obchodovanie BTC za ETH
2024-02-10 * "Obchod 1 BTC za 20 ETH na Binance"
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:BTC     -1.0 BTC {46000.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:ETH      20 ETH {2400.00 USD}
  Income:CapitalGains:Crypto   2000.00 USD  ; 48000 - 46000
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading    40.00 USD
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:USD      -40.00 USD

Šablóny prevodov

Prevod z burzy do peňaženky

; Šablóna: Prevod kryptomeny z burzy do peňaženky
YYYY-MM-DD * "Prevod [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] z [EXCHANGE] do [WALLET]"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]      -[AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:[WALLET]:[CRYPTO]  [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Withdrawal         [FEE] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]      -[FEE] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}

; Príklad: Prevod BTC do Ledger
2024-01-20 * "Prevod 1 BTC z Coinbase do Ledger"
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC      -1.0 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:Ledger:BTC  1.0 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Withdrawal  0.0005 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC      -0.0005 BTC {45000.00 USD}

Prevod medzi burzami

; Šablóna: Prevod medzi burzami
YYYY-MM-DD * "Prevod [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] z [EXCHANGE1] do [EXCHANGE2]"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE1]:[CRYPTO]  -[AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE2]:[CRYPTO]   [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network         [FEE] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE1]:[CRYPTO]  -[FEE] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}

; Príklad: Prevod ETH z Coinbase do Binance
2024-02-05 * "Prevod 10 ETH z Coinbase do Binance"
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:ETH   -10 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:ETH     10 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network  0.01 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:ETH   -0.01 ETH {2500.00 USD}

Šablóny stakovania

Ethereum stakovanie

; Šablóna: Stakovanie ETH
YYYY-MM-DD * "Stakovanie [AMOUNT] ETH"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH    -[AMOUNT] ETH {[PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Staking:Ethereum:ETH           [AMOUNT] ETH {[PRICE] USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network          [FEE] ETH {[PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH    -[FEE] ETH {[PRICE] USD}

; Príklad: Stakovanie 32 ETH
2024-01-10 * "Stakovanie 32 ETH na Ethereum 2.0"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH    -32 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Staking:Ethereum:ETH           32 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network          0.01 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH    -0.01 ETH {2500.00 USD}

Odmeny za stakovanie

; Šablóna: Prijatie odmien za stakovanie
YYYY-MM-DD * "[CRYPTO] Odmeny za stakovanie - [PERIOD]"
  Assets:Staking:[PROTOCOL]:[CRYPTO]    [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[PRICE] USD}
  Income:Crypto:Staking:[CRYPTO]        [VALUE] USD

; Príklad: ETH odmeny za stakovanie
2024-02-01 * "ETH Odmeny za stakovanie - Január"
  Assets:Staking:Ethereum:ETH     0.08 ETH {2600.00 USD}
  Income:Crypto:Staking:ETH      208.00 USD

DeFi šablóny

Poskytovanie likvidity Uniswap

; Šablóna: Pridanie likvidity do Uniswap poolu
YYYY-MM-DD * "Pridanie likvidity do [TOKEN1]-[TOKEN2] poolu"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:[TOKEN1]    -[AMOUNT1] [TOKEN1] {[PRICE1] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:[TOKEN2]    -[AMOUNT2] [TOKEN2] {[PRICE2] USD}
  Assets:DeFi:Uniswap:[TOKEN1]-[TOKEN2]-LP   [LP_AMOUNT] [LP_TOKEN] {[LP_PRICE] USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network               [FEE] ETH {[ETH_PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH         -[FEE] ETH {[ETH_PRICE] USD}

; Príklad: Pridanie ETH-USDC likvidity
2024-01-15 * "Pridanie likvidity do ETH-USDC poolu"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH     -10 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:USDC  -25000 USDC
  Assets:DeFi:Uniswap:ETH-USDC-LP        100 UNI-V3-ETH-USDC {500.00 USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network          0.02 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH    -0.02 ETH {2500.00 USD}

Požičiavanie v Compound

; Šablóna: Poskytnutie aktív do Compound
YYYY-MM-DD * "Poskytnutie [AMOUNT] [TOKEN] do Compound"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:[TOKEN]  -[AMOUNT] [TOKEN]
  Assets:DeFi:Compound:c[TOKEN]           [C_AMOUNT] c[TOKEN] {[C_PRICE] USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network            [FEE] ETH {[ETH_PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH      -[FEE] ETH {[ETH_PRICE] USD}

; Príklad: Poskytnutie USDC do Compound
2024-01-20 * "Poskytnutie 10000 USDC do Compound"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:USDC  -10000 USDC
  Assets:DeFi:Compound:cUSDC             500 cUSDC {20.00 USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Network          0.008 ETH {2500.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:ETH    -0.008 ETH {2500.00 USD}

Šablóny ťažby

Odmeny za ťažbu

; Šablóna: Prijatie odmien za ťažbu
YYYY-MM-DD * "[CRYPTO] Odmena za ťažbu - [POOL/SOLO]"
  Assets:Crypto:Mining:[CRYPTO]     [AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[PRICE] USD}
  Income:Crypto:Mining:[CRYPTO]     [VALUE] USD

; Príklad: Bitcoin odmena za ťažbu
2024-01-15 * "BTC Odmena za ťažbu - Slush Pool"
  Assets:Crypto:Mining:BTC    0.01 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Income:Crypto:Mining:BTC   450.00 USD

Výdavky na ťažbu

; Šablóna: Prevádzkové výdavky na ťažbu
YYYY-MM-DD * "Ťažba [EXPENSE_TYPE] - [PERIOD]"
  Expenses:Crypto:Mining:[EXPENSE_TYPE]  [AMOUNT] USD
  Assets:Checking                       -[AMOUNT] USD

; Príklad: Náklady na elektrinu pre ťažbu
2024-01-31 * "Elektrina pre ťažbu - Január"
  Expenses:Crypto:Mining:Electricity  800.00 USD
  Assets:Checking                    -800.00 USD

Airdrop šablóny

Airdropy tokenov

; Šablóna: Prijatie airdropu tokenov
YYYY-MM-DD * "[TOKEN] Airdrop od [PROJECT]"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:[WALLET]:[TOKEN]  [AMOUNT] [TOKEN] {[PRICE] USD}
  Income:Crypto:Airdrops                 [VALUE] USD

; Príklad: UNI token airdrop
2024-03-01 * "UNI Airdrop od Uniswap"
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:MetaMask:UNI  400 UNI {8.00 USD}
  Income:Crypto:Airdrops            3200.00 USD

Rozšírené šablóny

Arbitráž s flash pôžičkou

; Šablóna: Arbitráž s flash pôžičkou
YYYY-MM-DD * "Arbitráž s flash pôžičkou - [STRATEGY]"
  ; Flash pôžička
  Assets:Crypto:Temp:FlashLoan       [LOAN_AMOUNT] [TOKEN]
  Liabilities:DeFi:[PROTOCOL]:Flash -[LOAN_AMOUNT] [TOKEN]
  
  ; Vykonanie arbitráže
  Assets:Crypto:Temp:FlashLoan      -[LOAN_AMOUNT] [TOKEN]
  Assets:Crypto:Temp:Arbitrage       [RETURN_AMOUNT] [TOKEN]
  
  ; Splatenie flash pôžičky
  Liabilities:DeFi:[PROTOCOL]:Flash  [LOAN_AMOUNT] [TOKEN]
  Assets:Crypto:Temp:Arbitrage      -[LOAN_PLUS_FEE] [TOKEN]
  
  ; Zisk
  Assets:Crypto:Wallet:[WALLET]:[TOKEN]  [PROFIT] [TOKEN]
  Income:Crypto:Arbitrage               [PROFIT_USD] USD

Cross-Chain Bridge

; Šablóna: Prepojenie aktív medzi reťazcami
YYYY-MM-DD * "Prepojenie [AMOUNT] [TOKEN] z [CHAIN1] do [CHAIN2]"
  Assets:Crypto:[CHAIN1]:[TOKEN]     -[AMOUNT] [TOKEN] {[PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[CHAIN2]:[TOKEN]      [AMOUNT] [TOKEN] {[PRICE] USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Bridge:Fees         [FEE] [TOKEN] {[PRICE] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[CHAIN1]:[TOKEN]     -[FEE] [TOKEN] {[PRICE] USD}

; Príklad: Prepojenie ETH do Polygonu
2024-02-05 * "Prepojenie 5 ETH z Ethereum do Polygon"
  Assets:Crypto:Ethereum:ETH     -5 ETH {2600.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Polygon:ETH       5 ETH {2600.00 USD}
  Expenses:Crypto:Bridge:Fees    0.01 ETH {2600.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Ethereum:ETH    -0.01 ETH {2600.00 USD}

Šablóny optimalizované pre dane

Zber daňovej straty

; Šablóna: Zber daňovej straty
YYYY-MM-DD * "Zber daňovej straty - Predaj [CRYPTO] so stratou"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]    -[AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[HIGH_COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD          [PROCEEDS] USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading          [FEE] USD
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD         -[FEE] USD
  Expenses:CapitalLoss:Crypto           [LOSS] USD

; Príklad: Zber straty ADA
2024-12-15 * "Zber daňovej straty - Predaj ADA so stratou"
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:ADA      -1000 ADA {0.60 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:USD       445.00 USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading      5.00 USD
  Assets:Crypto:Binance:USD        -5.00 USD
  Expenses:CapitalLoss:Crypto     150.00 USD

Dlhodobé kapitálové zisky

; Šablóna: Predaj s dlhodobým kapitálovým ziskom
YYYY-MM-DD * "Dlhodobý predaj - [CRYPTO] držané > 1 rok"
  date-acquired: "[PURCHASE_DATE]"
  holding-period: "[DAYS] days"
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]    -[AMOUNT] [CRYPTO] {[COST_BASIS] USD}
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD          [PROCEEDS] USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading          [FEE] USD
  Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:USD         -[FEE] USD
  Income:CapitalGains:LongTerm          [GAIN] USD

; Príklad: Dlhodobý predaj BTC
2025-02-01 * "Dlhodobý predaj - BTC držané 382 dní"
  date-acquired: "2024-01-15"
  holding-period: "382 days"
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC    -1.0 BTC {45000.00 USD}
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD   55000.00 USD
  Expenses:Crypto:Fees:Trading    50.00 USD
  Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:USD     -50.00 USD
  Income:CapitalGains:LongTerm  9950.00 USD

Šablóny na odsúhlasenie

Mesačná verifikácia zostatku

; Šablóna: Mesačné tvrdenia o zostatku
YYYY-MM-DD balance Assets:Crypto:[EXCHANGE]:[CRYPTO]  [EXPECTED_BALANCE] [CRYPTO]
YYYY-MM-DD balance Assets:Crypto:Wallet:[WALLET]:[CRYPTO]  [EXPECTED_BALANCE] [CRYPTO]

; Príklad: Verifikácia zostatku v januári
2024-01-31 balance Assets:Crypto:Coinbase:BTC    2.5 BTC
2024-01-31 balance Assets:Crypto:Binance:ETH    15.0 ETH
2024-01-31 balance Assets:Crypto:Wallet:Ledger:BTC  1.0 BTC

Aktualizácie cien

; Šablóna: Denné aktualizácie cien
YYYY-MM-DD price [CRYPTO] [PRICE] USD

; Príklad: Denné ceny
2024-01-15 price BTC 45000.00 USD
2024-01-15 price ETH 2500.00 USD
2024-01-15 price ADA 0.50 USD

Pokyny na používanie

1. Skopírujte relevantnú šablónu pre váš typ transakcie
2. Nahraďte zástupné symboly (zobrazené v [ZÁTVORKÁCH]) skutočnými hodnotami
3. Upravte názvy účtov tak, aby zodpovedali vašej štruktúre účtov
4. Pridajte metadáta podľa potreby pre daňové výkazníctvo alebo sledovanie
5. Overte výpočty pred finalizáciou záznamov

Osvedčené postupy

• Používajte konzistentné konvencie pomenovania
• Zahrňte ID transakcií do metadát
• Dôkladne dokumentujte zložité transakcie
• Overujte výmenné kurzy a ceny
• Pravidelne zálohujte svoje súbory

Tieto šablóny poskytujú solídny základ pre účtovníctvo kryptomien v Beancount.io. Prispôsobte si ich na základe vašich špecifických potrieb a obchodných vzorcov.