#cost-of-goods-sold
Learn how to calculate and track cost of goods sold for inventory valuation
On April 22, 2026 the DOJ moved certain state-licensed medical marijuana products from Schedule I to Schedule III, ending Section 280E's ban on ordinary business deductions for qualifying operators — while recreational-only dispensaries remain fully subject to 280E's COGS-only tax treatment.
Teeth-whitening studios often run an 85%+ gross margin on sessions but fail because they recognize prepaid package revenue too early, skip inventory shelf-life write-offs, and miscategorize licensing costs tied to their state's cosmetic-vs-dental classification.
A single 50-gallon barrel of used cooking oil is worth $100-185 to a biodiesel refiner, so collectors must book collected-but-unsold oil as inventory-in-transit, track actual weighed pounds per stop rather than estimates, and reconcile collected-to-shipped volume weekly to catch theft and double-invoicing before it erodes route profitability.
A 750ml bottle yields about 5 five-ounce pours, and wine pour cost typically runs 25–30% versus 18–24% for liquor. This guide covers FIFO costing by vintage, by-the-glass yield math, shrinkage as a real COGS line, and why wine bars need separate on-premise and off-premise revenue and COGS accounts from day one.
A lash studio's costs don't fit one "supplies" line — service consumables, retail inventory, and depreciable equipment like lash beds and LED lamps each need their own account. This guide covers a six-category chart of accounts, the Section 179 deduction most lash artists miss, quarterly retail inventory counts, and booth-renter vs. employee classification.
The federal 1099-K threshold is back at $20,000 and 200 transactions, but reselling profit is taxable either way. How Poshmark and Depop sellers should handle hobby-vs-business classification, the nondeductible personal-use loss rule under IRC Section 165(c), cost of goods sold, and reconciling income across platforms that report gross vs. net.
Connecticut's HB 6856 would be the first US state law to regulate shrinkflation, requiring food manufacturers to post a clear notice for 12 months whenever they shrink a product without cutting its price — enforced as an unfair trade practice by the state Attorney General. Here's who the bill covers, the slack-fill litigation risk that already exists, and how to keep COGS and margin records accurate through a package resize.
A snow cone costs $0.15–$1.25 to make and sells for $2–$5, but that 200–300% margin only covers costs if fixed expenses like truck payments and insurance are spread across a realistic 12–16 week selling season instead of a full year.
The 2026 IRS 1099-K threshold for platforms like eBay, StockX, and Whatnot is back to $20,000 and 200 transactions, but sneaker and trading card resellers still owe tax on profit below that line — here's how to nail cost basis, inventory tracking, and the hobby-vs-business test.
A billiard business budget in one screen: table-hour revenue, league fees as deferred revenue, and bar margin — with a numeric example for your P&L.
Custom guitar luthiers should book customer deposits as a liability (deferred revenue) until delivery, track each tonewood set's acquisition cost and CITES paperwork individually rather than by replacement value, and use job-based WIP tracking to compare actual labor hours against a typical 40-80 hour build estimate.
GMROI measures gross profit generated per dollar of average inventory cost; a GMROI above 3.0 is generally strong, below 1.0 means inventory is destroying margin dollars, and typical category ranges run from 1.2 in grocery to 6.5+ in electronics.
