#cost-of-goods-sold
Learn how to calculate and track cost of goods sold for inventory valuation
Route-wide revenue totals hide losing machines. How vending operators track profit per machine: 5–25% location commissions on gross vs. net, cashless fees that reach 8–10% on sub-$2.25 transactions, and monthly per-machine shrinkage reconciliation.
Colorado's HB26-1033, the "Tamale Act," legalizes home-kitchen sales of tamales and other temperature-sensitive foods starting January 1, 2027, and raises the cottage food revenue cap from $10,000 to $150,000 per product per year. Here are the food-safety, labeling, and transport rules producers must meet — and the bookkeeping needed to run at the new scale.
With landfill tipping fees averaging $35–125 per ton and rising 3–7% annually, food-waste haulers and composting operators need books that separate revenue by contract type, track tipping fees by disposal site, and isolate contamination costs — here is a chart-of-accounts structure that makes landfill-diversion savings pitches defensible.
As of July 9, 2026, Etsy requires non-US sellers shipping to US buyers to use Delivered Duty Paid (DDP) — prepaying US tariffs and building them into the listing price — or lose Purchase Protection. This guide covers re-pricing by tariff category and why prepaid duties belong in inventory cost and COGS, not overhead.
Food trucks average about $346,000 in annual revenue but net only 6-9% margins. This guide covers the three numbers that decide profitability: keeping food cost between 28% and 35%, breaking commissary invoices ($300-$1,500/month) into trackable sub-accounts, and reconciling the cash drawer after every service.
Inventory turnover ratio = COGS ÷ average inventory, and it shows how many times a business sells through its stock each year. This guide covers the formula, converting turnover to days sales of inventory, industry benchmarks from 2–4 turns (industrial parts) to 10–20+ (grocery), and why slow-moving stock costs 20–30% of its value annually to hold.
The 10% Section 122 import surcharge expires automatically on July 24, 2026, when its 150-day statutory limit runs out — but expiration is not a refund, and Section 301 and Section 232 tariffs are already queued to replace it. Here's how small importers should tally what they paid, preserve refund rights, and model landed costs before the deadline.
A bookkeeping guide for unattended self-serve dog wash stations: how to reconcile coin and card revenue against machine counters, calculate a true cost per wash (roughly $3.50 against an $18–20 session price), classify shampoo and consumables as COGS, and depreciate $20,000–$30,000-per-bay equipment — including Section 179 timing and separating payment terminals from wash tubs in your fixed-asset register.
Delivery platforms take an effective 30–40% of each order once commissions, promotions, and processing fees stack up — and a multi-brand ghost kitchen that books only net deposits can't tell which concept is profitable. This guide covers per-brand revenue categorization, three methods for allocating shared rent, utilities, and labor (square footage, revenue share, labor hours), per-brand food cost tracking, and a six-step monthly close checklist.
A co-packer's quoted per-unit price can understate real landed cost by 36% once fixed per-run charges, setup fees, and MOQ economics are counted. How food and beverage brands should classify contract-manufacturing costs as COGS, handle turn-key vs. tolling arrangements, and avoid the 5–10 point gross-margin overstatement that misclassification causes.
How to keep books for an olive oil mill that earns most of its revenue in a six-to-ten-week harvest window — separating custom-crush milling fees from own-label inventory accounting, tracking extraction yields that swing from 50 to 200 pounds of olives per gallon, valuing bulk oil in tank storage, and handling Schedule F, cash-method, and UNICAP tax questions.
How tire retreaders should book casing custody, core credits, and warranty adjustments — customer-owned casings stay off your inventory, core credits are an inventory purchase rather than an expense, and prorated warranty claims justify a monthly accrued reserve. Includes example beancount entries and a minimal chart of accounts.
