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#mergers-and-acquisitions

Mergers and Acquisitions

Accounting guidance for business acquisitions, goodwill, purchase price allocation, and deal structuring

The FTC's Record $12 Million HSR Penalty: What Acquisitive Small Businesses Need to Know About Merger Filing Thresholds

On July 13, 2026, the FTC and DOJ obtained a record $12 million civil penalty from Edwards Lifesciences and Genesis MedTech for structuring a $115 million acquisition with a $25 million non-voting side investment to stay under the Hart-Scott-Rodino filing threshold. This guide explains the 2026 HSR thresholds — $133.9 million size-of-transaction and the size-of-person test — and why roll-ups, PE-backed platforms, and deals structured to "just miss" the line carry real filing risk.

Letter of Intent for a Small Business Sale: What's Binding, What's Negotiable, and What Kills Deals

Most letters of intent are labeled non-binding, but exclusivity, confidentiality, and break-up-fee clauses inside them are typically enforceable. This guide covers LOI terms in sub-$10M business sales — asset vs. stock structure, 30–90 day exclusivity windows, working capital true-ups, price allocation, and the mistakes that cost sellers deals.

Broadcom FY2025 Earnings: $63.9B in Revenue, and a Net Income That Nearly Quadrupled to $23.1B

Broadcom's FY2025: $63.9B revenue (+23.9%) and GAAP net income of $23.1B, up 292% from $5.9B — but decomposing the $17.2B swing shows revenue growth explains only 72% of it, with roughly $4.8B coming from a tax provision flipping to a $397M benefit plus one-time restructuring and discontinued-operations reversals. The durable signals are Infrastructure Software's operating margin rebounding to 76.8%, above its pre-VMware baseline, and AI semiconductor revenue guided to roughly double to $8.2B. Rebuilt line by line in a public Beancount ledger, FY2021–FY2025.

Section 1059 Extraordinary Dividend Basis Reduction: The Corporate Shareholder Trap That Turns Tax-Free Dividends Into Immediate Capital Gain

Section 1059 reduces a corporate shareholder's stock basis by the nontaxed portion of an extraordinary dividend — 5% threshold for preferred, 10% for common — when received within two years of acquisition, with excess immediately taxed as capital gain. This guide covers the thresholds, the 85-day and 365-day aggregation rules, the FMV election, the non-pro-rata redemption exceptions, and the lot-level bookkeeping that keeps corporate finance teams out of audit trouble.

Section 7874 Anti-Inversion Rules: 60%/80% Ownership Tests and the Substantial Business Activities Safe Harbor

Section 7874 imposes a 10-year inversion-gain floor when former U.S. shareholders own 60-80% of a new foreign parent and reclassifies the parent as a domestic corporation at 80%. The only escape is the substantial business activities safe harbor, which requires clearing a 25% bright-line threshold on employees, tangible assets, and gross income in the foreign country.