#legal
Legal considerations for business finance and accounting compliance
Georgia's SB 553 (Act 472) rewrote Chapter 14 contractor licensing effective July 1, 2026 — one year of experience now means 2,000 documented hours, license lending is explicit grounds for discipline, and advertising regulated trade services without a license counts as evidence of unlicensed practice. A record-keeping checklist for electrical, plumbing, HVAC, low-voltage, and utility shops.
Illinois's Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act, signed July 6, 2026, requires frontier AI developers with over $500M revenue to publish catastrophic-risk frameworks, pass annual independent audits, and report safety incidents within 72 hours starting January 1, 2028. This guide breaks down the five obligations, audit costs of $25,000–$150,000+, and a 16-month preparation timeline for startups.
Section 7 of the NLRA protects non-union employees who discuss pay and working conditions together online, and the NLRB's Stericycle standard presumes overbroad handbook rules unlawful — here's how small employers write a social media policy that holds up.
Under the FLSA, on-call hours are paid when employer restrictions keep an employee from using the time freely — the "engaged to wait" test. This guide covers the control factors investigators weigh, sleep-time rules for 24-hour shifts, how flat on-call stipends raise the overtime regular rate, and state rules like California reporting-time pay and city predictive-scheduling ordinances.
On January 1, 2026, at least six states — Colorado, Connecticut, Maine, Minnesota, Vermont, and Washington — began enforcing bans or reporting rules on products with intentionally added PFAS, and the laws reach anyone who sells or distributes covered goods, not just manufacturers. A state-by-state guide for retailers covering affected categories, supplier certifications, ship-to-state segmentation, and the bookkeeping for compliance costs and inventory write-downs.
Whether lawsuit settlement money is taxable depends on what the payment replaces. Compensatory damages for physical injury or sickness are tax-free under IRC Section 104(a)(2), while punitive damages, pre- and post-judgment interest, back pay, and emotional-distress awards without physical harm are taxable. Learn how the attorney-fee gross-income trap, W-2 versus 1099-MISC reporting, and settlement-agreement allocation decide how much of the check you keep.
A pay-if-paid clause makes the owner's payment a condition precedent and shifts the full risk of owner nonpayment onto the subcontractor, while a pay-when-paid clause only sets timing and still obligates the general contractor. Courts enforce pay-if-paid only when the condition-precedent language is express, and at least eight states (California, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Wisconsin) void it outright. This guide covers how to tell the clauses apart, what to negotiate before signing, the Miller Act's 90-day notice and one-year suit deadlines, and how to book contingent receivables so your aging report and cash forecast tell the truth.
The Department of Labor's seven-factor primary beneficiary test decides whether an unpaid intern at a for-profit business was legally an employee. Fail it and you owe back wages at minimum wage plus overtime, an equal amount in liquidated damages, and the worker's attorney fees, reaching back two to three years. Here is what each factor means for a small employer, what misclassification costs, and the safer alternatives.
Effective July 1, 2026, Virginia's SB 637 extends the Virginia Human Rights Act to employers with five or more employees (down from 15) and lengthens the discrimination complaint window from 300 days to two years. This guide explains how to count employees under the 20-week rule, sets a three-year retention schedule for hiring, payroll and disciplinary records, and walks newly covered small employers through a seven-step compliance checklist.
California's AI Transparency Act (SB 942) became operative on August 2, 2026 after AB 853 pushed back its January start. Generative AI providers with more than one million monthly California visitors or users must offer a free detection tool with upload, URL and API intake, an optional visible label, and a mandatory latent watermark, revoke licenses within 96 hours of discovering tampering, and face $5,000 per violation per day. This guide covers who is a covered provider, the 2027 platform and 2028 capture-device phase-ins, a compliance checklist, and how to budget and book the program.
USPTO 2026 fee schedule for US small businesses: trademark classes, patent stages, and how to budget federal IP filings.
FinCEN moved the investment adviser AML rule's effective date from January 1, 2026 to January 1, 2028, covering roughly 20,000 SEC-registered advisers and exempt reporting advisers. Here's what the rule requires — SARs at $5,000, CTRs above $10,000, travel-rule recordkeeping at $3,000 — and a 24-month plan to build the program before the deadline.
