#fixed-assets
Accounting for long-term tangible assets including equipment, vehicles, furniture, and property
How the IRS Section 263(a)-3 tangible property regulations decide what small businesses can deduct now versus capitalize over decades — with the three safe harbors ($2,500/$5,000 de minimis, the small taxpayer building rule, and routine maintenance), the BRA test, and the unit-of-property trap that drives most mistakes.
A four-step pattern for recording the sale, scrap, or trade-in of business equipment—plus how Section 1245 depreciation recapture flows onto Form 4797 at tax time.
A practical guide to the tangible personal property (TPP) tax that 38 U.S. states require small businesses to file every January, covering de minimis thresholds in 12 states, freeport inventory exemptions in 8 inventory-tax states, ghost-asset overpayment, and the annual asset-register workflow that keeps your bill honest.
Qualified Improvement Property (QIP) under Section 168(e)(6) lets nonresidential interior build-outs use a 15-year recovery period and qualify for 100% bonus depreciation after the OBBBA. Covers the statutory test, three exclusions, TCJA-to-OBBBA history, a worked $540,000 restaurant example, and Form 3115 catch-up deductions.
100% bonus depreciation under Section 168(k) is permanent again for property placed in service after January 19, 2025, and Section 179's 2026 limit is $2,560,000. This guide shows how small businesses combine both to deduct equipment the year it is bought, with a worked $1.2M example and the disqualification traps to avoid.
ASC 410-20 requires recognizing an asset retirement obligation on day one — the day the well is drilled, the tower is erected, or the leasehold build-out is finished. A walkthrough of triggers, fair-value measurement using the credit-adjusted risk-free rate, annual accretion as operating expense, the lease-vs-ARO boundary under ASC 842, and the journal entries operators in oil and gas, telecom, and retail most often get wrong.
A small business with a written capitalization policy dated before the tax year begins and an annual election attached to its return can deduct tangible property up to $2,500 per item or invoice ($5,000 with an applicable financial statement) under Treas. Reg. §1.263(a)-1(f), skipping depreciation schedules entirely.
When you sell depreciated business property, Section 1245 recaptures prior depreciation as ordinary income (up to 37%), while Section 1250 caps the recapture on real estate at 25% — turning a 100% bonus depreciation deduction into a large tax bill at exit unless you plan with cost segregation, 1031 exchanges, and a clean fixed-asset register.
OBBBA permanently restored 100% bonus depreciation and raised the Section 179 cap to $2.56M for 2026. A practical framework for small businesses to choose between them — covering taxable-income limits, state decoupling, SUV caps, and the new Section 168(n) qualified production property deduction.
Section 47 of the Internal Revenue Code lets developers claim a 20 percent federal tax credit on qualified rehabilitation expenditures for certified historic structures, claimed ratably over five years since the TCJA. This guide walks through NPS three-part certification, the substantial rehabilitation test, what counts as a QRE, five-year recapture rules, and how syndication is structured under the Rev. Proc. 2014-12 safe harbor.
A cost segregation study uses engineering-based analysis to move 20–45% of a building's basis from 27.5- or 39-year straight-line into 5, 7, and 15-year MACRS classes. Combined with the 100% bonus depreciation permanently restored by the One Big Beautiful Bill Act for property placed in service after January 19, 2025, real estate investors can convert a routine $91,000 first-year deduction into roughly $766,000 — provided they clear IRC §469 passive activity loss limits via real estate professional status, the short-term rental rule, or passive income offsets.
A 2026 decision guide for small businesses choosing between Section 179's $2.56M cap and OBBBA's permanent 100% bonus depreciation, with order-of-operations rules, hybrid examples, and state-conformity caveats.
