#hiring
Financial considerations when hiring employees or contractors
The 21st Century Worker Act (S. 2159) would set one federal classification test and add a third "mutual election" category letting a business and worker jointly choose contractor or employee status, defaulting to contractor if they disagree. Here is what it would change for freelancer bookkeeping and how to keep contractor records defensible now.
Filling a CPA-credentialed role now averages 73 days, 41% longer than non-credentialed roles, while the number of candidates sitting for the CPA exam fell from over 100,000 in 2016 to about 67,000 in 2022. This guide explains what is draining the pipeline, what the shortage costs in fees and delayed closes, and five ways small businesses keep books clean and filings on time without waiting in line for a firm.
IRS Publication 15 (Circular E) sets the rules small employers must follow on every paycheck — federal income tax withholding via the wage-bracket or percentage method, 6.2% Social Security to the annual wage base, 1.45% Medicare plus 0.9% above $200,000, EFTPS deposits on a monthly or semiweekly schedule set by the $50,000 lookback test, and Forms 941, 940, W-2 and W-3. This guide translates each rule into what to do, when it is due, and which ledger account to book it in — including the failure-to-deposit penalty ladder of 2%, 5%, 10% and 15%.
Employers using electronic Form I-9 systems must update to the 05/31/2027 expiration date by July 31, 2026. This guide covers which editions stay valid, what changed in the 01/20/25 revision, the three-years-after-hire-or-one-year-after-termination retention rule, and which paperwork errors ICE now treats as substantive rather than technical.
Effective July 1, 2026, Virginia's SB 637 drops the Virginia Human Rights Act employer threshold from 15 employees to 5 and extends the filing window from 300 days to two years. Any business with five or more employees for each working day in 20 or more calendar weeks is now covered for every prohibited practice — not just discharge. Here is the 20-week counting rule, a seven-step compliance checklist, and the payroll and retention records an investigator asks for first.
New Jersey's ABC test regulations become operative October 1, 2026, clarifying that every worker is an employee unless you prove freedom from control, work outside your usual course or places of business, and an independently established trade — learn the three prongs, five common mistakes, and a pre-deadline audit checklist.
The DOL's February 2026 proposal would replace the six-factor totality test with a weighted two-factor standard focused on control and opportunity for profit or loss — here is how it works, what still depends on state law, and a checklist to audit your freelancer relationships now.
BLS projects 120K+ accounting openings yearly while CPA pipeline shrinks — 77% shortage index, 134% hiring index, and why firms are rethinking pay and pathways.
Pay data reports for 2025 due May 13 2026 — 100+ employee employers must file pay, demographic and new work-pattern data with CRD; SB 464 adds 23 job categories from 2027.
HRA Council: ALE ICHRA adoption up 34%, small employer up 52%, ~1M covered lives, $26,993 family premium strain — what 2026 means for defined contribution.
From Jan 1 2026, CCPA requires HR data risk assessments and new state privacy laws in IN, KY, RI take effect — what HR must map, disclose and minimize.
Washington ESHB 1155 bans all non-competes from June 30 2027 — including existing agreements — with Oct 1 2027 notice and $5,000 penalty. What remains enforceable.
