Startup SPVs Explained: How Special Purpose Vehicles Keep Your Cap Table Clean
An SPV pools many angel checks into one LLC and one cap-table line; backers pay 10–20% carry plus setup fees, and the lead votes the whole block.
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Fundraising
Fundraising accounting and investor fund tracking
Venture Debt for Early-Stage Startups: Borrow Runway Without Selling the Company
U.S. startups borrowed a record $68.8B of venture debt in 2025. Warrants cost 1-5% dilution, but covenant breaches - not missed payments - trigger most defaults
Year-End Giving Season: How Your Nonprofit Can Handle the December Donation Surge
About a third of US giving lands in December. The IRS requires a written acknowledgment for gifts of $250 or more, and the postmark sets the gift's tax year.
PTA and PTO Treasurer Bookkeeping: The Fund-Accounting Playbook Every Volunteer Parent Group Needs
Miss three straight Form 990 filings and the IRS revokes your PTA or PTO exemption automatically — here is the treasurer playbook that prevents it.
Tokenized Equity Is Still Equity: What the SEC's 2026 Guidance Means for Your On-Chain Raise
Tokenized equity is still equity under the SEC's 2026 guidance — pick your Reg D or Reg A exemption before you mint, and keep one authoritative cap table.
AI Built Your Financial Model in Minutes — Here's How to Catch Its Errors Before Investors Do
62% of financial services professionals say an AI-generated error has already reached a client. A 12-step review checklist for AI-built financial models, covering hidden sheets, external links, hard-coded "dead numbers", formula drift, balance-sheet plugs, over-depreciation, and error checks that only validate the first forecast period.
Qualified Sponsorship Payments vs. Advertising: How Nonprofits Keep Sponsor Dollars Out of UBIT
A qualified sponsorship payment is tax-free under IRC Section 513(i), while advertising revenue is taxed at the 21% UBIT rate and triggers Form 990-T once unrelated business income reaches $1,000. This guide draws the acknowledgment-versus-advertising line the regulations use — qualitative language, price claims, exclusive-provider clauses, periodical placements, contingent amounts, and the 2% de minimis threshold for return benefits — and gives an eight-step screen to run before signing a sponsor contract.
When Your Nonprofit's Bingo Night Owes the IRS: UBIT, the Volunteer and Bingo Exceptions, and W-2G
The IRS treats charity gaming as an unrelated business, so raffle and bingo profits can owe UBIT on Form 990-T even when every dollar funds programs. Two exceptions usually save the event — substantially-all-volunteer labor and traditional bingo (never pull-tabs) — while raffles paying $600-plus at 300 times the wager trigger Form W-2G, with 24 percent withholding above $5,000.
Your Convertible Note Just Converted. Is That a Gain, a Loss, or Neither?
FASB's ASU 2024-04, mandatory for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, defines a three-part test for whether settling a sweetened convertible-note conversion counts as an induced conversion (expense only the sweetener) or a debt extinguishment (gain or loss against carrying value) — a classification that can swing reported expense by hundreds of thousands of dollars on the same transaction.
Delaware's New Safe Harbor for Founder Deals: What the Section 144 Ruling Means for Related-Party Notes and SAFEs
On February 27, 2026, the Delaware Supreme Court's Rutledge v. Clearway ruling upheld the 2025 SB 21 amendments to DGCL Section 144, confirming a safe harbor for related-party deals — including founder bridge loans and insider SAFE participation — approved by disinterested directors or a majority-of-the-minority vote. Here's what founders must document to qualify.
FASB ASU 2025-12: How to Calculate Diluted EPS in a Loss Year with Options, Warrants, and Convertible Notes
FASB's ASU 2025-12 clarifies that a net loss does not automatically make options, warrants, and convertible notes antidilutive: companies must test the combined numerator-and-denominator effect, apply the fix retrospectively to all prior periods presented, and adopt it for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026.
Bookkeeping for Assistance Dog Training Nonprofits: Tracking a $25,000 Dog Across a Two-Year Pipeline
Producing one service dog costs $25,000–$60,000 over an 18–24-month cycle. How assistance dog nonprofits should structure per-dog cost centers, record breeding-cooperative puppy exchanges at fair value, apply GAAP (ASC 958-605) to puppy-raiser volunteer time, and release restricted sponsorships on the same timeline as expenses.