#bookkeeping
Bookkeeping
Modern bookkeeping techniques using plain-text and automated workflows
The Most Important Financial Ratios Every Business Owner Should Track
Learn the most important financial ratios every business owner should track, including liquidity, leverage, profitability, and efficiency ratios—with formulas, examples, benchmarks, and practical tips for using them effectively.
Operating Expenses: What They Are, How to Calculate, and How to Reduce Them
Learn what operating expenses are, how to calculate the operating expense ratio, the difference between OpEx and CapEx, where operating expenses appear on financial statements, tax implications, and eight practical strategies to reduce your operating costs.
Profit and Loss Statement: What It Is, How to Read and Create One
Learn what a profit and loss statement is, how to read and create one for your small business, understand the difference between single-step and multi-step formats, calculate key profitability ratios, and avoid common P&L mistakes that could be costing you money.
Return on Assets (ROA): What It Is, How to Calculate It, and How to Improve It
Learn what Return on Assets (ROA) is, how to calculate it step by step, what constitutes a good ROA by industry, how ROA compares to ROE and ROIC, and six proven strategies to improve your ROA.
Startup Accounting: The Founder's Guide to Getting Your Finances Right from Day One
A practical guide to startup accounting covering entity setup, cash vs. accrual methods, financial statements, tax essentials, and how to prepare your books for fundraising—so you can avoid costly mistakes and make better decisions from day one.
Statement of Retained Earnings: What It Is, How to Prepare One, and Why It Matters
Learn what a statement of retained earnings is, how to prepare one step by step, understand the retained earnings formula, calculate the retention ratio, avoid common mistakes like confusing retained earnings with cash, and know what negative retained earnings mean for your business.
Variable Costs: What They Are, How to Calculate, and Reduce Them
Learn what variable costs are, how to calculate variable cost per unit and contribution margin, real-world examples across industries, the difference between variable and fixed costs, and seven proven strategies to reduce variable costs and boost profitability.
The Waste Book: The Oldest Book in Accounting and Why It Still Matters
Discover the waste book, the oldest book in accounting history. Learn how colonial merchants used waste books to track daily transactions, how Isaac Newton repurposed one for calculus, and why this centuries-old concept still shapes modern bookkeeping.
Working Capital: What It Is, How to Calculate It, and How to Manage It
Learn what working capital is, how to calculate the working capital ratio, understand the cash conversion cycle, identify when negative working capital is a problem, and discover seven strategies to improve your working capital and keep your business financially healthy.
Year-Over-Year Growth: The Formula Every Business Owner Needs to Master
Learn how to calculate year-over-year (YOY) growth with the simple formula, real-world examples, and practical tips. Understand when to use YOY vs. MOM vs. QOQ, which metrics to track, common mistakes to avoid, and industry benchmarks for healthy growth rates.
Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio: What It Is, How to Calculate It, and Why It Matters
Learn what the accounts receivable turnover ratio is, how to calculate it step by step with examples, industry benchmarks, and 7 practical ways to improve your collection efficiency and cash flow.
Accounts Receivable Turnover Ratio: What It Tells You and How to Improve It
Learn what the accounts receivable turnover ratio is, how to calculate it with the formula and real examples, what a good ratio looks like by industry, and 8 practical ways to improve your collections and cash flow.