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#audit

Audit

Independent audit and assurance engagements — SOC 2, financial statement audits, internal controls testing, evidence collection, and audit readiness for service organizations and growing businesses

Tunisia's 2026 Optional Flat Tax: 4,000–5,000 TND for Six Audit-Free Years — Should You Opt In?

Tunisia's 2026 Finance Law lets small businesses under 100,000 TND turnover pay a flat 4,000 or 5,000 TND a year — half that in rural zones — and skip tax audits for six years. The flat tax only beats the progressive schedule above roughly a 45% net margin in the lower bracket and 26% in the upper one; here is the break-even math, the eligible activities, and the four traps.

When Your 401(k) Becomes a Large Plan: The 100-Participant Audit Trigger, the 80-120 Rule, and Your First IQPA Audit

Since 2023 plan years only 401(k) participants with account balances count toward the 100-participant large-plan line, so a 60-employee company can owe an $8,000 to $12,000 IQPA audit with its Form 5500. This guide covers the day-one count, how the 80-120 rule defers the audit, the July 31 and October 15 deadlines, and a first-audit preparation checklist.

Lost Your Receipts? How the Cohan Rule Lets You Reconstruct Business Expenses

The Cohan rule lets a court estimate an ordinary business deduction when you can prove the money was spent but not the exact amount — and Section 274(d) forbids that estimate entirely for travel, entertainment, gifts, and vehicles. Here is what reconstruction evidence actually persuades an examiner, why bank statements alone usually fail, and a six-step playbook for rebuilding a missing-receipt file.

Can the IRS Audit Your Church? How the Two-Notice Section 7611 Process Actually Works

Section 7611 lets the IRS examine a church only after a high-level Treasury official records a reasonable belief in writing, sends two separate notices, and agrees to finish within two years and stay away for five. This guide walks through each stage, the pre-examination conference, the five exceptions that remove the protection entirely, and the three bookkeeping failures that trigger most church inquiries in practice, namely unrelated business income, informal payroll, and campaign intervention.

The Four Types of Audit Opinions, Explained: What Qualified, Adverse, and Disclaimer Actually Mean

An auditor issues one of four opinions — unqualified, qualified, adverse, or disclaimer — decided by two questions: whether the problem is a GAAP departure or a scope limitation, and whether it is material but confined or material and pervasive. This guide maps that grid, explains why a going-concern paragraph is not a qualification, and lists the bookkeeping habits that keep an opinion clean.

The New Medicare ABN Form (CMS-R-131): A Chiropractic Practice Audit Guide

CMS released an updated Advance Beneficiary Notice of Noncoverage (Form CMS-R-131) on March 13, 2026, mandatory for fee-for-service providers since May 12, 2026. With chiropractic improper payments at 30.4% and nearly 90% of those errors from insufficient documentation, this guide covers ABN trigger points, the GA/GZ/GY modifiers, and the bookkeeping that turns signed notices into collected cash.