Прозрения, уроци и актуализации за счетоводството в обикновен текст от екипа на Beancount.io.
Schedule F farm tax elections explained — crop insurance deferral under Section 451(f), weather-forced livestock replacement under Section 1033(e), Section 175 conservation deductions, the Section 464 prepaid-supply cap, the March 1 estimated-tax rule, and Schedule J three-year income averaging — with rules, deadlines, and worked examples.
By 2026, sales tax on SaaS and digital goods splits into three legal routes—tangible property, taxable service, or nontaxable intangible—plus a true-object test that turns on customer intent. This guide covers the 2026 Illinois, Maine, and D.C. changes, economic nexus thresholds, and when a voluntary disclosure agreement beats direct registration.
Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) of Regulation D both allow uncapped private placements but differ sharply on marketing and verification. 506(b) bans general solicitation and permits up to 35 sophisticated non-accredited investors on a reasonable-belief standard; 506(c) permits public solicitation but requires reasonable steps to verify every purchaser is accredited. A March 2025 SEC no-action letter lets issuers rely on $200,000+ individual or $1 million+ entity minimum checks as the primary verification step.
Pooled Employer Plans let unrelated small businesses share a single 401(k) under SECURE Act 2.0, cutting all-in fees from roughly 0.80% to 0.35% and shifting plan-document, investment, and Form 5500 duties to a Pooled Plan Provider while leaving employers with a narrow duty to prudently select and monitor the PPP.
Section 541 layers a 20% federal surtax on closely-held C corporations that fail both the stock ownership and 60% passive income tests. This guide walks through Schedule PH mechanics, the dividends-paid deduction, and four ways — cash, throwback, consent, and deficiency dividends — to zero out the tax before it hits.
Personal goodwill, anchored in the Martin Ice Cream and Norwalk Tax Court decisions, lets closely held C corporation owners shift a portion of an asset-sale price out of the corporate tax layer and onto the shareholder as long-term capital gain. This guide explains the doctrine, when it works, the documentation that survives an IRS audit, and the mistakes that have sunk allocations.
Personal goodwill carve-outs let C-corporation shareholders pay 23.8% capital gains instead of 40%+ combined tax on a portion of an asset sale. Martin Ice Cream, Norwalk, and Bross Trucking show when the allocation survives; Howard shows when an employment-and-noncompete agreement quietly destroys it.
How small businesses should choose between a PEO, CPEO, ASO, or EOR—covering co-employment mechanics, the FICA wage base restart trap that doubles Social Security tax on a mid-year switch, joint-employer lawsuits under the FLSA and Title VII, and the contract terms to verify before signing.
How small businesses can detect and deter occupational fraud — using the ACFE fraud triangle, segregation of duties, surprise audits, management review, and proactive data monitoring — with a 90-day plan tailored to a 20-person organization.
How NIL endorsements, collective payouts, and House v. NCAA revenue sharing are taxed in 2026—Schedule C mechanics, the 15.3% self-employment tax, multi-state jock-tax filings, and the planning moves that keep April manageable for college athletes and their families.
The mega backdoor Roth routes up to $47,500 of after-tax 401(k) contributions into a Roth bucket for 2026, on top of the standard $24,500 employee deferral, by converting after-tax dollars through an in-plan Roth conversion or in-service distribution to a Roth IRA. The IRS Section 415(c) total cap of $72,000 ($80,000 if age 50+) covers contributions from all sources combined, and converting promptly keeps the taxable earnings drag near zero.
Loan covenants—DSCR, fixed charge coverage, tangible net worth, and leverage limits—can put a small business borrower in default while every payment is current. A practical breakdown of affirmative, negative, and financial covenants, cure periods, waiver requests, and what to negotiate before signing a credit agreement.
