#journal-entries
Journal Entries
Master journal entry creation and accounting transactions
Where Did $90 Billion in Inventory Just Go? A Small Retailer's Guide to Booking Shrinkage Correctly
U.S. retailers lost $90–112 billion to inventory shrinkage in the latest reporting cycle, an average shrink rate near 1.6% of sales. This guide shows small retailers how to book shrink in a dedicated expense account instead of burying it in COGS — with the exact journal entries, cycle-counting schedules, materiality thresholds, and the process fixes behind the ~70% of shrink that isn't theft.
How to Account for Credit Card Cash Back and Points: Contra-Expense vs. Other Income
Business credit card cash back is a rebate, not taxable income — unless it's a no-spend sign-up or referral bonus. This guide shows the two ways to book rewards (contra-expense vs. other income), with journal entries, the earned-vs-redeemed timing choice, and the IRS logic behind each.
How to Book a Workers' Comp Dividend Check (and Why a Retro-Rating Plan Can Also Send You a Bill)
Workers' comp dividend checks and retro-rating adjustments arrive 6–30 months after a policy expires. Dividends are discretionary — book them as a reduction of insurance expense when declared, never accrued in advance. Retro adjustments are contractual — accrue the estimated premium as a liability in the period the losses occurred, then true up at each 6-, 18-, and 30-month adjustment.
Extended Warranty and Service Contract Accounting Under ASC 606
Under ASC 606, a service-type extended warranty is a separate performance obligation — the price must be allocated at standalone selling price and recognized as deferred revenue, amortized ratably over the coverage term, not booked as revenue upfront.
Contributed Services in Nonprofit Accounting: ASC 958-605 Recognition Guide
Under ASC 958-605, a nonprofit recognizes contributed services at fair value only when the work created or enhanced a nonfinancial asset, or required a specialized skill the organization would otherwise have paid for and the volunteer actually holds that credential — general volunteer hours, however valuable, stay off the books and out of Form 990.
How Nonprofits Should Value and Record Gifts-in-Kind Under ASC 958-605
ASU 2020-07 requires nonprofits to present contributed nonfinancial assets as a separate line item, disaggregated by category, with disclosed valuation methods. This guide covers the fair-value rules of ASC 958-605 — which volunteer services are recordable, how to value donated goods, professional services, and facility use, the offsetting journal entries, and the $25,000 Form 990 Schedule M threshold.
Cash Over and Short: Turning Till Discrepancies Into an Audit Trail
The Cash Over and Short account records the gap between expected and actual cash counts as a debit (shortage) or credit (overage), turning routine till discrepancies into a trackable, auditable pattern instead of a buried miscellaneous expense line.
The Sales Tax Vendor Discount: A Small-Business Guide to Getting Paid for Filing on Time
About 30 U.S. states let businesses keep a percentage of the sales tax they collect — a vendor discount or collection allowance — for filing and paying on time, with Colorado eliminating its discount and South Dakota suspending its own heading into 2026.
Accounting for Customer Loyalty Rewards Programs: ASC 606 Points Liability, Deferred Revenue, and Breakage
Under ASC 606, loyalty points are a separate performance obligation — part of each sale is allocated to a deferred revenue liability using standalone selling prices, recognized when points are redeemed, with unredeemed value booked as breakage in proportion to redemptions. This guide walks through the journal entries, the proportional vs. remote breakage methods, the chart of accounts, and the state escheatment rules that can block breakage income.
Wedding and Event Venue Bookkeeping: Deferred Revenue, Pass-Through Catering, and Per-Saturday Profitability
A practical guide to bookkeeping for wedding and event venues, covering ASC 606 deferred revenue on booking deposits, the principal-versus-agent test for pass-through catering and bar, refundable damage deposit liabilities, per-Saturday fixed-cost allocation, and cancellation reserves.
ASC 606 Variable Consideration and Stand-Ready Obligations: A Practical Guide
How to estimate variable consideration under ASC 606 — volume rebates, performance bonuses, royalties, and SLA penalties — choose between the expected-value and most-likely-amount methods, apply the reversal constraint correctly, distinguish a stand-ready obligation from a series of distinct services, and book journal entries that survive an audit.
Nonprofit Grant Accounting: Donor Restrictions, ASC 958, and the New Uniform Guidance Rules
A practical guide to nonprofit grant accounting under ASC 958 and the 2024 OMB Uniform Guidance updates — net asset classification, the conditional-versus-unconditional barrier test, cost-reimbursement revenue recognition, the new 15% de minimis indirect cost rate, and the $1 million Single Audit threshold.