#bookkeeping
Bookkeeping
Modern bookkeeping techniques using plain-text and automated workflows
Flipping Houses in 2026: Why the IRS Taxes Your Profit as Ordinary Income, Not Capital Gains
House flippers are almost always IRS "dealers," not investors — flip profits are ordinary income on Schedule C plus 15.3% self-employment tax, often a combined rate over 40% versus the 15–20% capital gains rate flippers expect. How the Winthrop factors decide dealer status, why rehab costs must be capitalized into COGS, and four strategies (including an S corp election) that reduce the hit.
Kenya's KRA Now Auto-Validates Tax Returns Against eTIMS Invoices: What Changes in 2026
Starting with 2025 year-of-income returns filed in 2026, Kenya's KRA automatically cross-checks declared income and expenses against eTIMS invoices, withholding tax records, and customs data — expenses without a matching electronic invoice are reclassified as taxable profit. Here's who's affected, the exempt categories, and a compliance checklist.
Laundromat Bookkeeping: Reconciling Coin and Card Revenue Against Utility Usage to Catch Shrinkage
Laundromat utilities run 20–25% of gross revenue, which makes water and gas meters a second independent ledger — convert metered consumption into an implied cycle count and revenue figure, compare it to coin-box counts, and a persistent gap over 5–8% flags theft, leaks, or miscalibrated machines. Includes a weekly-to-annual checklist covering multi-stream income accounts and Section 179 equipment expensing.
Liberia's GST-to-VAT Transition: What Small Businesses Must Do Before the 2026 Registration Deadline
Liberia replaces its 13% GST with an ~18% VAT on January 1, 2027, with mandatory registration running July 1 to December 31, 2026. Here's how GST and VAT differ, why the change forces businesses to track input and output tax separately, and a practical bookkeeping checklist to get compliant before the deadline.
Orthodontic Practice Bookkeeping: Contracts Receivable, Deferred Revenue, and Insurance AR Explained
Contracts receivable — typically 55–60% of trailing twelve-month production in a healthy orthodontic practice — is a distinct metric from accounts receivable, and tracking it correctly requires ASC 606-style deferred revenue schedules, monthly insurance write-off reconciliation, and a chart of accounts that separates production, collections, and write-offs.
Bookkeeping for Professional Puppet Makers: Pricing Commissions, Deposits, and Design Rights
Custom puppets sell for $500–$1,500 yet take 20–100 hours to build, so untracked labor quietly destroys margins. How professional puppet makers should price commissions with the materials + labor + overhead + profit formula, book 50% deposits as deferred revenue instead of income, separate design-licensing from fabrication revenue, and handle post-Wayfair sales tax on interstate theater clients.
Return on Equity (ROE) Explained: What It Measures, What Counts as Good, and How to Break It Down
Return on Equity (ROE) divides net income by owner's equity — a 15% ROE means the business earned 15 cents per dollar of the owner's capital. This guide covers healthy benchmarks (12–15% baseline, 15–20%+ strong), the three-part DuPont breakdown of margin, asset turnover, and leverage, and the pitfalls — debt-inflated returns, negative equity, one-time items — that distort the ratio.
South Africa's 2026 VAT Threshold Jump: What the New R2.3 Million Line Means for Your Small Business
South Africa's 2026 Budget raises the compulsory VAT registration threshold from R1 million to R2.3 million effective 1 April 2026, lifts voluntary registration to R120,000, and adds a R600,000 tax-free band to turnover tax — here's who should consider deregistering, who shouldn't, and how to keep the bookkeeping clean through the transition.
Your Auditor Will Soon Have to Prove Your Cash Actually Exists — Even If You Never See It
AICPA SAS No. 150, issued July 2026 and effective for periods ending on or after December 15, 2028, requires auditors to externally confirm cash held by third parties — payment processor reserves, PEO payroll trust accounts, and escrow balances — unless narrow risk-based conditions are met. Here is what changes for audited businesses and how to prepare your books.
Do You Need an ABN? The Sole Trader Tax Basics Every Australian Freelancer Should Know
Australian sole traders who invoice without an ABN lose 47% of each payment to mandatory withholding. This guide covers free same-day ABN registration, the $75,000 rolling 12-month GST threshold, quarterly BAS due dates, individual marginal tax rates for 2026-27, deductible super contributions, and the ATO's five-year record-keeping rule.
Carpet and Upholstery Cleaning Bookkeeping: Why Every Truck Is Its Own Profit Center
Carpet cleaning chemistry should run 5–7% of revenue, a $25,000 truckmount costs about $10 per operating hour in wear, and drive time between jobs is the biggest hidden margin leak. How to book chemistry, trucks, and routes as three separate cost centers.
Check Fraud Is Still the #1 Payment Threat in 2026 — Here's What to Do About It
The 2026 AFP Payments Fraud Survey found 76% of U.S. organizations faced payment fraud in 2025, with paper checks the top target at 58% — ahead of ACH debits (30%) and wires (25%). Here's a practical small-business defense checklist, from Positive Pay and ACH filters to callback verification and weekly reconciliation.